What is a backup?
A backup is a separate copy of important data that can be used to recover after loss, corruption, deletion, or ransomware.
Simple example
A business keeps backups of accounting data, emails, files, and key system configurations.
Why it matters
Backups only help if they are recent, protected, and tested.
Common warning signs
- The activity is unexpected or unusual for the business context.
- The request or system behaviour creates pressure to act quickly.
- Normal approval, verification, or security processes are bypassed.
- There are signs of unauthorised access, data exposure, or system change.
- Staff are unsure whether the request, message, or system behaviour is legitimate.
Cyber Doc view
This term should be understood in business context, not only as a technical issue. Good protection usually combines clear processes, appropriate technical controls, staff awareness, and a calm response plan.
What to do
Proactive steps
- Use automated backups for critical data.
- Keep at least one backup protected from ransomware or accidental deletion.
- Test restores regularly.
- Document what is backed up and how to recover it.
- Monitor backup failures.
Reactive steps
- Do not overwrite good backups during an incident.
- Check whether backups are clean and usable.
- Restore in a controlled way after containment.
- Prioritise systems needed for business operations.
- Record what was restored and when.
Related terms
- Disaster recovery
- Ransomware
- Business continuity